Avian influenza a viruses are designated as highly pathogenic avian influenza hpai or low pathogenicity avian influenza lpai based on molecular characteristics of the virus and the ability of the virus to cause disease and mortality in chickens in a laboratory setting. During our ongoing surveillance studies in wild birds, we isolated several influenza a viruses of hemagglutinin subtype h5 and h7 that contain. Altogether, 18 cases 6 fatal are reported in the first known instance of human infection with this virus. The strain of avian flu known as h5n1 has been behind most recent outbreaks of deadly avian flu and has also been responsible for the recent human deaths reported in asia, but there are three prominent subtypes of avian influenza virus and among the three subtypes, influenza ah5,ah7 and ah9, there are several strains with varying degrees of. The drastic increase in research has resulted in a significant expansion of our knowledge of avian influenza viruses and the role they play in animals and humans. Avian influenza refers to the disease caused by infection with avian bird influenza flu type a viruses.
The waterfowl do not develop disease when infected with avian influenza asymptomatic. Avian influenza, known informally as avian flu or bird flu, is a variety of influenza caused by viruses adapted to birds. Avian influenza definition is highly variable influenza a of birds caused by any of the subtypes of the causative orthomyxovirus of which some strains have been or may be transmitted to other vertebrates including humans especially after undergoing mutation called also avian flu. In this study, the authors infected 5monthold cats using 2 different north american shorebird avian influenza viruses h1n9 and h6n4 subtypes, 3 cats per virus, with the goal of expanding the. Strain yang sangat ganas virulen dan menyebabkan flu burung adalah subtype a h5n1. These avian flu viruses occur naturally among birds. Free access to the pdf version of each paper can be obtained by clicking on its title and then on the pdf link at the bottom lefthand side of the box. Avian influenza viruses are classified as either low pathogenic also called low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses or highly pathogenic high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses. In domestic poultry, ai viruses are typically of low pathogenicity lp, causing subclinical infections, respiratory disease, or drops in egg production, but a few ai viruses are highly pathogenic hp, causing severe systemic disease with multiple organ failure and high mortality. Mallards and highly pathogenic avian influenza ancestral. The highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 strain has spread from domestic poultry to a large number of species of free ranging wild birds, including nonmigratory birds and migratory birds that can travel thousands of kilometres each year. Avian flu has taken a heavy toll on indonesia already this year. Bird flu is similar to swine flu, dog flu, horse flu and human flu as an illness caused by strains of influenza viruses that have adapted to a specific host. Avian influenza bird flu what is avian influenza and what causes it.
Highly pathogenic asian avian influenza ah5n1 virus. Cases of hpai ah5n6 infection in freeliving wild birds. Avian influenza duckdvm diseases and conditions az. Pdf between 16 may and 15 august 2018, three highly pathogenic avian. H7n9 avian influenzaprimerdesign ltd tm influenza a virus. Public health interventions for prevention and control of avian. Influenza wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas. The appearance of h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza hpai in southeast asia in.
Avian influenza is an rna virus of the family orthomyxoviridae, which includes five genera. It is notable that the virus subtypes causing zoonotic human disease have been largely those known to cause infection in terrestrial poultry. Avian influenza virus infections have been detected occasionally in numerous species of mammals. It can infect all types of chickens and turkeys, plus many other kinds of birds. Avian flu by sona hamelin history the human influenza a virus was discovered in 1933 soon after shope succeeded in isolating swine influenza a virus in 1931 influenza. Avian influenza in poultry 3 through improper disposal of infected carcasses, manure, or poultry byproducts. Download free influenza the flu professional powerpoint presentation for your presentation. Virus ai terdiri atas 3 tipe antigenik yang berbeda, yaitu a, b dan c, juga mempunyai subtipe yang dibagi berdasarkan permukaannya yaitu hemaglutinin ha dan neuraminidase na, yang terbagi menjadi 16 subtipe h dan 9 sub. Highly pathogenic and low pathogenic avian influenza a viruses. Pathog enicity refers to the ability of the virus to produce disease. The highly pathogenic influenza a virus subtype h5n1 is an emerging avian influenza virus that is causing global concern as a potential pandemic threat.
Flu viruses are constantly changing and animal flu viruses can change such that they may gain the ability to infect people easily and spread among people, causing a pandemic. Feb 12, 2020 avian influenza is a slightly misleading term, as influenza is among the natural infections found in birds. So far there is only one published study in the caribbean region on the presence of avian influenza virus aiv in barbados. Some avian influenza viruses circulate in wild bird populations causing no disease or only mild disease. Terkadang mamalia, termasuk manusia, dapat tertular flu burung. Biasanya gejala pertama adalah menggigil atau perasaan dingin, tetapi demam juga sering terjadi pada awal infeksi, dengan temperatur tubuh berkisar 3839 c kurang lebih 100103 f.
Cough sore throat shortness of breath avian influenza vaccination no. Nov 23, 2017 home asia avian influenza in humans 2017. The global spread of h5n1 influenza in birds is considered a significant pandemic threat. Information on avian influenza avian influenza flu. Lowrisk patients patients with history of contact with domestic poultry or a known or suspected human case in an h5n1infected country within 10 days of symptom onset and documented fever. Patogen utama penyebab penyakit ini adalah virus influenza tipe a. This flu virus can affect domestic and wild bird species including chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, gulls, shorebirds.
Human infections with novel avian influenza virus like asian h5n1 are concerning because of this pandemic potential. Berikut ini adalah download jurnal gratis yang merupakan kumpulan file dari berbagi sumber tentang jurnal penyakit influenza yang bisa bapakibu gunakan dan diunduh secara gratis dengan menekan tombol download biru dibawah ini. The avian influenza ai virus also called avian flu or bird flu virus is a subtype that causes contagious respiratory disease mainly in birds. Fifteen low pathogenic avian influenza lpai outbreaks were reported in. And on march 7, 2017, usda s national veterinary services laboratories nvsl confirmed the full subtype of this hpai h7 as north american wild bird lineage h7n9 hpai. However, it is important to know how to minimize your risks, especially if you are traveling to an area affected by avian flu. Since 2003 three major classes of avian influenza vi. Avian influenza ai is a viral infection of domestic poultry, and pet, zoo, and wild birds.
Generation of an attenuated h5n1 avian influenza virus vaccine with all eight genes from avian virus generation of an attenuated h5n1 avian influenza virus vaccine with all eight genes from avian virus vaccine 2007 huoying shi, xiu fan liu, xiaorong zhang, sujuan. This pdf bahasa indonesia has been read 5979 times. In may 2016, a highly pathogenic avian influenza ah5n8 virus strain caused deaths among 3 species of wild migratory birds in qinghai lake, china. The term avian influenza used in this context refers to zoonotic human infection with an influenza strain that primarily affects birds. For the purposes of the terrestrial code, avian influenza free. Direct and indirect factors facilitating the spread of avian influenza. For those looking for a single, exhaustive reference to help educate or train individuals in dealing with avian influenza, this will be money well spent. There are two types of avian influenza ai that are identified as h5n1. A screening approach based on blood and cloacal and tracheal swabs to study the prevalence of influenza a in the avian population. Thai agricultural standard tas on diagnosis of avian influenza prescribes diagnostic methods for approval of avian influenza free and uses for an avian influenza diagnostic manual in laboratory for proper and precise procedures.
Ppt avian flu powerpoint presentation free to download. The primers have low sequence homology to other influenza subtypes. Such a random event has occurred three times during the past century, causing three different influenza pandemics. The disease also can be easily spread by people and equipment contaminated with avian influenza virus. Avian influenza is a viral disease that can affect bird species throughout the world. Isolasi dan karakterisasi virus highly pathogenic avian in fluenza subtipe h5 dari ayam asal wabah di indonesia 62 menggunakan antisera referen h1 hingga h15 menunjukkan bahwa kemunginan besar subtipe virus avian influenza tersebut adalah h5n1. The primerdesign genesig kit for influenza a virus subtype h7n9 avian influenza. Subtipe virus yang terakhir ditemukan yang ada di indonesia adalah jenis h5n1. Wild birds and avian influenza food and agriculture organization. Avian influenza disambiguation page providing links to topics that could be referred to by the same search term this disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title avian. Pdf avian influenza ai is considered an exotic disease in the brazilian. Penyakit yang pertama diidentifikasi di itali lebih dari 100 tahun yang lalu, kini muncul di seluruh dunia. Avian influenza is an infection caused by avian bird influenza flu viruses. Influenza virus is an orthomyxovirusan enveloped, segmented, negativesense rna virus.
Aquatic birds ducks, shore birds, and gulls are the natural reservoirs for the avian flu viruses. Journal of the american veterinary medical association, march 2009 david swaynes book avian influenza is both timely and important. Download free medical influenza the flu powerpoint presentation. Pdf avian influenza overview may august 2018 researchgate. Dec 5, 2005 cidrap news ukraine has joined the ranks of asian and eurasian countries reporting the h5 strain of avian influenza in poultry, according to weekend news reports, and indonesias eighth death from h5n1 has been confirmed. Genetic analysis showed that the novel reassortant virus belongs to group b h5n8 viruses and that the reassortment events likely occurred in early 2016. Country, zone or compartment free from avian influenza a country, zone or compartment may be considered free from avian influenza when it has been shown that infection with avian influenza viruses in poultry has not been present in the country, zone or compartment for the past 12 months, based on surveillance in accordance with articles 10. To date all hpai viruses have been of h5 or h7 subtypes.
The disease can vary from mild to severe, depending on the virus strain involved. Documented outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza since discovery of avian influenza as the cause of fowl plague in 1955 4,76 avian influenza virus subtype type and number of birds affected with high mortality or depopulatedreferencea s achickenscotland59 h5n1 2 flocks of chickens gallus gallus domesticus. Influenza tipe a banyak ditemukan pada manusia dan beberapa jenis hewan. The type with the greatest risk is highly pathogenic avian influenza hpai. Wild waterfowls, especially ducks, are natural reservoirs and can carry the virus without manifesting symptoms of the disease and spread the virus over great distances. H5n6 confirmed in philippines avian flu outbreak cidrap. The h5n1 strain is a fastmutating, highly pathogenic avian influenza. Avian influenza viruses can be transmitted on contaminated shoes, clothing, crates, egg flats, egg cases, vehicles, and other equipment. Influenza report has also been published in albanian, chinese, croatian, german, indonesian, italian, mongolian, serbian, and slovenian. However, avian influenza is very contagious among birds.
Sumber penularan virus influenza tipe a adalah unggas misalnya ayam,burung dan itik. Pengertian dan epidemiologi avian influenza avian influenza adalah penyakit infeksi pada unggas yang disebabkan oleh virus influenza strain tipe a. Read the latest situation report on avian influenza. Penyebab avian influenza atau flu burung merupakan penyakit pada unggas yang disebabkan oleh virus, yaitu orthomyxoviridae tipe a, yang menyerang ayam, burung, itik.
It includes sampling methods and laboratory diagnostic techniques i. Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza hpai, which originate in poultry upon transmission of low pathogenic viruses from wild birds, have occurred relatively frequently in the last decade. Fluburung atau avian influenza ai adalah penyakit zoonosis fatal dan menular serta dapat menginfeksi semua jenis burung, manusia, babi, kuda dan anjing, virus avian influenza tipe a hewan dari keluarga drthomyxoviridae telah menyerang manusia dan menyebabkan banyak korban. Avian influenza definition of avian influenza by merriam. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of infectious diseases including avian flu and severe acute respiratory syndrome hereafter sars on international tourist arrivals in asian countries using both single datasets and panel data procedures. Potential transmission of avian influenza a h5n1 virus to humans. A highly pathogenic avian influenza a h5n1 virus has crossed the species barrier to cause deaths in humans in asia and poses an increasing threat of a pandemic. Jul 23, 2017 avian influenza ai merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus dan bersifat zoonosis jenis penyakit dari hewan yang bisa menulari manusia.
A virus is defined as hpai or lpai by its ability to cause severe disease in intravenously inoculated young chickens in the laboratory, or by its. Gejala influenza dapat dimulai dengan cepat, satu sampai dua hari setelah infeksi. Avian influenza flu burung adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus influenza tipe a h5n1 yang menyebabkan adanya pandemic. Highly pathogenic avian influenza ah5n8 virus in wild. One strain of avian influenza currently identified in asia and europe is known as influenza ah5n1. Virus tersebut dapat bertahan hidup di air sampai 4 hari pada suhu 22c dan lebih dari 30 hari pada 0c.
Mutasi genetik virus avian influenza sering kali terjadi sesuai dengan kondisi dan lingkungan replikasinya. Some avian influenza viruses, such as h5n1 or h7n9, have been associated with human disease. Assessing impacts of sars and avian flu on international. Influenza report is a medical textbook that provides a comprehensive overview of epidemic and pandemic influenza download pdf. Thogotovirus, isavirus and influenza types a, b, and c. Flu burung wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas. Isolasi dan karakterisasi virus highly pathogenic avian. Berikut ini adalah jurnal internasional elsevier yang merupakan kumpulan file dari berbagi sumber jurnal, tentang avian influenza yang bisa bapakibu gunakan dan diunduh secara gratis dengan menekan tombol download biru dibawah ini. Highly pathogenic avian influenza hpai viruses can spread rapidly, causing serious disease with high mortality in many bird species. On march 5, 2017, usda confirmed highly pathogenic avian influenza hpai h7 in a commercial poultry flock along the mississippi flyway. If the who confirms the patients avian flu status, they will become indonesias 82nd and 83rd cases. What to expect if you suspect usda file photo complete paralysis usda file photo swelling of the tissue around the eyes and neck hpai is a deadly disease for poultry.
Jul 09, 2007 the purpose of this paper is to discuss the characteristics of avian influenza, describe the success of dos during the 19181919 spanish influenza pandemic, describe the evidence base for the inclusion of omt as part of the preparedness plan for the treatment of avian influenza, and describe some of the specific omt procedures that could be. Hpai in poultry is characterized by a sudden onset, severe illness of a short duration, and a mortality approaching virtually 100% in vulnerable species. Flu burung adalah influenza pada unggas yang disebabkan oleh virus avian influenza ai dari famili orthomyxoviridae. It is often referred to simply as bird flu or avian influenza, even though it is only one of many subtypes. Penyakit ini menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi yang tinggi karena membunuh ternak ayam dalam jumlah besar. Program pnsa manual for the contingency of avian influenza and. Wild birds worldwide carry the viruses, but usually do not become sick. Organization international des epizooties oie and insure the free of status for avian. Ukraine domestic chickens and geese in crimea died suddenly friday, russias interfax news agency reported. This hpai h7 strain is of north american wild bird origin. Avian influenza ai, caused by the influenza virus typea, can affect several species of food producing. Avian influenza ai is a highly contagious viral infection, which can affect all species of birds. A highly contagious viral disease with up to 100 percent mortality in domestic fowl.
Feb 2003 2 human cases of avian influenza h5n1 infection 1 fatal are confirmed in a china hong kong sar family with a recent travel history to fujian province, china. Explore hundreds of publications and online resources now. The quantification of both subtyping genes ensures accurate determination of the h7n9 genotype in a single experiment. While other h5n1 influenza strains are known, they are significantly different on a genetic level from a recent, highly pathogenic, emergent strain of h5n1, which was able to achieve hitherto unprecedented global spread in 2008. Type a influenza is the most commonly distributed of the group and can cause infections ranging from subclinical to lethal in its hosts. A highly pathogenic avian influenza a h5n1 virus has crossed the species barrier to cause deaths in humans in asia and poses an increasing threat. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on. Influenza report has also been published in albanian, chinese, croatian, german, indonesian, italian, mongolian, serbian, and slovenian to be informed about new chapters or editions, please subscribe to the influenza report alert.
This document contains sample collection recommendations from the avian viruses section at the national veterinary services laboratories nvsl in ames, ia, specifically for the detection of avian influenza a viruses iav and avian paramyxoviruses apmv1. Human disease caused by nonh5 avian influenza viruses besides h5n1, the direct transmission of avian influenza viruses of subtypes h7n7, h9n2, and h7n3 has been associated with human disease table 1. Seventeen avian species and two mammalian species were intranasally inoculated with the zoonotic achickenhong kong22097 chickenhk h5n1 avian influenza ai virus in order to ascertain a. Although it is a bird flu, it has infected a relatively small number of people. Currently, there is anxiety that the avian h5n1 influenza virus will reassort with the highly transmissible and epidemic h1n1 subtype to trigger a virulent human pandemic. Aug 24, 2017 in other avian flu developments, south africa, italy, and taiwan reported more h5 outbreaks. Human infections with avian influenza h5n1 are reported in hong kong. The philippines agriculture ministry announced results today on its web site, according to a statement posted by avian flu diary afd, an infectious disease news blog. The most severe strain, called highly pathogenic avian influenza hpai, is caused by viruses with h5. The strain of avian flu known as h5n1 has been behind most recent outbreaks of deadly avian flu and has also been responsible for the recent human deaths reported in asia, but there are three prominent. The latest avian influenza news on global outbreaks, analysis and research on identifying symptoms, biosecurity measures and best practices and international trade implications for poultry producers from the editors of watt poultryusa, poultry international, industria avicola and egg industry magazines. Avian influenza ai, commonly called bird flu, is a disease found in some populations of wild water fowl that can infect chickens, turkeys, pheasants, quail, ducks, geese and guinea fowl, as well as a wide variety of other domesticated and wild birds. There are many types of influenza viruses that usually only infect birds. For most canadians, the risk of getting avian influenza bird flu is extremely low.
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